|
Augustus Saint-Gaudens (; March 1, 1848 – August 3, 1907) was an American sculptor of the Beaux-Arts generation who most embodied the ideals of the "American Renaissance". Raised in New York City, he traveled to Europe for further training and artistic study, and then returned to New York, where he achieved major critical success for his monuments commemorating heroes of the American Civil War, many of which still stand. In addition to his famous works such as the ''Diana'', Robert Gould Shaw Memorial on Boston Common, and the outstanding grand equestrian monuments to Civil War Generals, John A. Logan atop a pedestal done by the architectural firm of McKim, Mead & White, assisted by the Chicago architect Daniel H. Burnham〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sgnhs.org/Augustus%20SGaudens%20CD-HTML/Monuments/CivilWar/Logan.htm )〕 in Chicago, 1894–97, and ''William Tecumseh Sherman'', at the corner of New York's Central Park, 1892–1903, Saint-Gaudens also maintained an interest in numismatics. He designed the $20 "double eagle" gold piece, for the US Mint in 1905–1907, considered one of the most beautiful American coins ever issued〔(US Mint: The American Eagles Program ).〕 as well as the $10 "Indian Head" gold eagle, both of which were minted from 1907 until 1933. In his later years he founded the "Cornish Colony", an artistic colony that included notable painters, sculptors, writers, and architects. His brother Louis Saint-Gaudens was also a well-known sculptor with whom he occasionally collaborated. ==Early life and career== Born in Dublin to a French father and an Irish mother, Saint-Gaudens was raised in New York, after his parents immigrated to America when he was six months of age. He was apprenticed to a cameo-cutter but also took art classes at the Cooper Union and the National Academy of Design. At 19, his apprenticeship completed, he traveled to Paris in 1867, where he studied in the atelier of François Jouffroy at the École des Beaux-Arts. In 1870, he left Paris for Rome, to study art and architecture, and worked on his first commissions. There he met a deaf American art student, Augusta Fisher Homer,whom he married on June 1, 1877〔Supple, Carrie F. and Walton, Cynthia, pubs. ''The Nichols Family Papers 1860–1960.'' 2007, Manuscript Collection No. 1.〕 whose sister was Elizabeth Fisher () Nichols In 1876, he won a commission for a bronze David Farragut Memorial. He rented a studio at 49 rue Notre Dame des Champs. Stanford White designed the pedestal. It was unveiled on May 25, 1881, in Madison Square Park. He collaborated with Stanford White again in 1892-94 when he created ''Diana'' as a weather vane for the second Madison Square Garden building in New York City; a second version used is now in the collection of the Philadelphia Museum of Art,〔(PMA ''Diana'' )〕 with several reduced versions in museums including the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. The statue stood on a 300-foot-high tower, making "Diana" the highest point in the city. It was also the first statue in that part of Manhattan to be lit at night by electricity. The statue and its tower was a landmark until 1925 when the building was demolished.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/permanent/44513.html )〕 In New York, he was a member of the Tilers, a group of prominent artists and writers, including Winslow Homer (his wife's fourth cousin), William Merritt Chase and Arthur Quartley. He was also a member of the Salmagundi Club in New York. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Augustus Saint-Gaudens」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|